Jump to topic
Jump to topic
As any dog owner knows, your pet is a valued member of your family. And like any other family member, you want what’s best or them. One way to ensure you’re giving your friend the best possible care is to figure out what your dog’s needs are. But seeing how your pet can’t exactly tell you its needs, you’re somewhat limited. That’s where dog DNA testing can play an important role.
Whether from knowing it’s exact breed identification, potential health risks, or the importance of its genetic traits, the more you know about your pet, the better you can care for it. But what dog DNA test is best? How accurate are they? And are the results even useful?
In our Embark review, we’ll cover what I learned about the company when testing my dog Max. So before you put the wellbeing of your dog in the hands of an at-home DNA testing company, read our Embark review and see if this doggy genetic testing kit is right for you and your furry friend.
The leader of Dog DNA Testing
Embark gets our recommendation for dog DNA testing because they're an established company, they are the market leader, and provide terrific info for you and your dog (read review below to see my dog's DNA results).
Embark:
Currently, Embark has two different tests to choose from. The costs of each are as follows:
Your DNA testing kit includes:
With Embark, DNA testing your dog is quick and easy. Once you’ve received your doggy genetic testing kit, you’ll simply need to do take the following steps:
Here a few pictures of me giving the kit to my dog Loki. There was some struggling but overall he didn't mind getting his lower cheeks swabbed:
Embark also lets you know the status of your sample:
According to Embark’s privacy policy, your personal information will be used in a few different ways. First, any information you provide to the company may be shared with third parties employed by Embark in order to render the necessary services. This includes outside laboratories and research organizations. Sharing your data with these third-parties is necessary for Embark to provide their products and services and shouldn’t be of too much concern.
They may also use your information to investigate any potential violations of the company’s terms of service and when they’re legally obligated to do so. This also shouldn’t be a problem as long as you’re not trying to do anything illegal through them.
The main concern is that they may use your data and that which they collect through their website for advertising and research purposes. While it’s possible to opt-out of having your dog’s genetic data used for research, the fact that this is done at all has raised some privacy concerns among users.
Other than Embark, there are a few other notable companies that offer similar services. These other doggy genetic testing companies include:
Embark’s dog DNA test results cover four different aspects of your dog’s genetic makeup. This may vary depending on the kit you order, with the health portion of your test results being exclusive to their Breed + Health Test Kit customers. We’ll look at each of the things covered in the test results in greater detail below.
One of the first sections you’ll likely look at in your dog’s test results is its breed identification. By looking at your pet’s genes, Embark will delve into its paternal and maternal line. With this information, Embark will create a ‘family tree’ for your pet, laying out its genetic makeup and breed. The company is able to test for over 350 different dog breeds in total.
In my doggo’s breed identification results, I learned Max is about half labrador (49.8%) and half poodle (50.2%). On his paternal line, which looks at the Y-chromosome, my buddy has haplogroup A1a. This is the most common haplogroup found in dogs bred in the United States and Europe and is found in many village dogs (non-purebred, free-roaming wild dogs found across the world) from these regions.
Max’s maternal line, which Embark discovers by looking at his mitochondrial DNA, shows that his haplotype is B1. This is also common in American and European dogs. I learned breeds with the B1 gene were likely brought to the Americas by Europeans during the early colonization of the new world.
As all pet owners know, your dog’s health is of the utmost importance. In the health screening portion of the test results, you can get a better idea of the issues you may need to watch out for. Embark looks for over 200 different possible genetic health conditions that are common among animals that share your dog’s genetic makeup.
In my best friend Max’s results, I learned that he may develop degenerative myelopathy and glaucoma later on in his life. Not only this, but my results included actionable results to help me stay on top of these potential future genetic conditions. This included vet-actionable health information, which is what vets use to interpret a dog’s clinical data.
From your dog’s coat color to the shape of its snout and the length of its tail, in this portion of your test results, you’ll learn about the physical traits that make your pet unique.
For Max, who is still a puppy, I learned that he’ll one day grow to be relatively large. This has helped me determine how much exercise he should get and the amount of food I should be shoveling into his bowl, all useful information to keep Max as healthy as possible.
This is one of my favorite parts about Embark’s test results — discovering if any of your doggy’s distant relatives have also taken the company’s DNA tests. By combing through their database of DNA results, Embark knows if your pet has any long lost relatives whose parents were also curious enough to genetically test their furry friend.
Here, I found out that Max shares 15% of his DNA with a Labradoodle named Kat (weird name for a dog, I know) who is currently living in Richmond, Virginia. While this information isn’t all that useful, it’s fun to know that one of my dog’s relatives also has some inquisitive parents who spent time collecting their companion’s saliva.
Embark even allows you to contact their owners in case you’re interested in arranging a future playdate (I’m still waiting to hear back from Kat’s parents).
Since it was developed in partnership with the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Embark is twice as precise as other dog DNA tests.
That said, there are a few things to consider.
While your Embark test results are pretty reliable, they’re no replacement for regular checkups with the vet. This is especially true for the health portion of the DNA results. While you may learn about your dog’s potential to develop certain genetic health conditions, this is by no means a diagnosis.
Some vets have even expressed concern about the accuracy of these health results. A missed genetic condition could lead to you overlooking a potentially serious issue that your dog may have. On the opposite side of the spectrum, you may receive results that state your dog is prone to a condition it never develops, leading to unnecessary medical treatments that could hurt your pooch in the long run.
So use these results as a fun way to learn a bit more about your pet, but don’t take anything they say as a concrete diagnosis.
While I thought Embark’s genetic testing was a fun way to learn a little bit more about my four-legged friend, they’re not much more than that. While they do include some interesting and actionable results in the traits and health portions, everything here has to be taken with a grain of salt.
These results aren’t necessarily 100% accurate. Treating them like they are could even lead to unnecessary treatments or taking actions that aren’t beneficial, or worse, could be harmful.
Regardless of this, I had a great time reading about everything Max’s DNA had to tell me. So use this test as a fun way to get to know your pet better. Don’t use it as a replacement for regular checkups and visits to the vet.
The leader of Dog DNA Testing
Embark gets our recommendation for dog DNA testing because they're an established company, they are the market leader, and provide terrific info for you and your dog (read review below to see my dog's DNA results).
Wisdom panel offers 2 DNA testing options; Wisdom panel 4.0 helps determine your dog's genetic breed ancestry by comparing its DNA to over 250 breeds. The second test, Wisdom panel Health, comes with additional screening for about 150 genetic mutations. These tests are based on pure breed types and varieties found in both the Kennel Club and America Kennel Club's registry lists. If your dog's lineage is from countries outside Northern and Western Europe, Canada, and the U.S. Wisdom panel's breed detection results will have a more significant margin of error.
The Embark dog DNA test, on the other hand, will answer all the pertinent questions you might have concerning your pet
Besides checking your dog's DNA against a database that's just as broad as Wisdom Panel's, the test will determine your furry friend's haplogroup, haplotype, and ancestral migration routes. It will screen your dog for more than 165 genetic conditions (that's at least 10 more than the Wisdom panel test). It will also determine your dog's genetic age.
The tests performed during a health screening will increase the speed of diagnosis and improve medical outcomes (if your pet is found to have an illness).
Here's an example; neurological diseases like degenerative myelopathy are adult-onset conditions whose signs may not present until it reaches late adulthood. The most substantial pieces of evidence in diagnosing these conditions before death are their classic signs combined with genetic tests results confirming that the dog inherited mutated copies of the responsible genes. If the dog has never had an evaluation, the vet will have to perform all these tests to make a diagnosis.
However, if your dog has had an evaluation, you won't need to order a genetic test. This will save you valuable time and money as you attempt to diagnose your dog's condition.
Health screening helps you provide proactive treatment for illnesses that require immediate medical intervention. This can prevent or limit the clinical signs associated with the disease.
An example to consider here is intestinal cobalamin malabsorption, in which dogs are born unable to absorb vitamin B-12. Left untreated, these animals suffer a range of clinical signs that include emaciation, anaemia, neurological disease, and death.
In most scenarios, dogs will not exhibit any signs of cobalamin deficiency until they're 3-4 months old and the fetal stores of cobalamin have been depleted. If your dog is diagnosed at a young age through routine genetic screening, it will have regular supplements to avoid the severe consequences associated with deficiency. Dogs that start a lifelong routine of parenteral supplements have a good chance of living happy, everyday lives with few - no long term health consequences.
Medical evaluations also help doctors choose the safest medications for your dog. Many canines are allergic to the anaesthetic agents used in vet clinics, which put them at risk for adverse health effects.
Dogs who carry the gene for multidrug resistance (MDR1), for instance, are very likely to experience several adverse neurological effects when given drugs that interact with the P-glycoprotein. Medical evaluations will quickly reveal if your pet carries such genes, allowing for safer medications to be administered whenever it is possible.
Through the use of a small saliva sample, Embark analyzes over 200,000 genetic markers and compares them to the latest research to deliver a wealth of information about your pet.
Yes and no. The breed and traits portion of your test can tell you about certain behaviors that are common among dogs with a similar genetic makeup. This can help you to determine what sort of training could be beneficial to your pet. But as every dog’s personality can vary greatly, regardless of genetics, the things you learn here aren’t necessarily 100% applicable to your specific animal’s behaviors.
Your DNA results can tell you about the health conditions common among dogs with similar genetics to yours. However, this is by no means a diagnosis, and your results can’t tell you, with 100% accuracy, anything solid about your dog’s genetic health. Only a vet will be able to do that.
I learned that I’m the proud owner of a labradoodle, who may be prone to degenerative myelopathy and glaucoma in his older age. I also learned he will likely grow large and that he has a long lost relative living in Virginia.
Yes. Embark tests for over 350 breeds such as Wolves, Dingoes, Village Dogs, and Coyotes
The leader of Dog DNA Testing
Embark gets our recommendation for dog DNA testing because they're an established company, they are the market leader, and provide terrific info for you and your dog (read review below to see my dog's DNA results).
